You can find the two operators under the following 3D view menus:

Select => Select by Similar Mesh

Object => Relations => Link Duplicate Meshes

Both share the same settings, based on the chosen method, or algorithm used

• Native - this uses Blender's native mesh comparison function used for testing. It is great at comparing all aspects of the mesh, including attributes. While exact, it may result in false negatives (ie saying that two meshes do not match, when they are similar enough, for most intents and purposes).
  
  • Threshold - threshold for comparing positions of vertices
    
  • Matching Indices - requires that two matching meshes have edge and face indices in the same order.
  • Matching attributes - requires that two matching meshes have the same attributes and values. Vertex groups are not considered mesh attributes by Blender.
• Hash - each mesh generates a hash, or identifier, based on its vertex coordinates, edge and face indices. While not as thorough, it can be great for "close enough" comparisons.
• Buffer - reads individual mesh attributes as buffers and compares bytes. Works great with duplicate meshes native to Blender (ie not imported from other file formats) where data can be exact matches.
  • Threshold - percentage of allowed differences
  • Attributes - pick which attributes you want to compare between meshes.

I will warn, because I cannot stress this enough: these functions are not 100% comprehensive and cannot guarantee equivalency in every way. It is always better to link and instance meshes from the beginning. But these operators are great for when salvaging instances from imported meshes or saving memory on older files.